In 1696, the Dutch brought coffee from Malabar, India, to Java. They cultivated the
coffee plant in Kedawung, a plantation located near Batavia. But this effort failed
because the plant was damaged by Earthquakes and floods.
In the mid-1870s, the Dutch Government expanded seed planting coffee to some
archipelago outside Java which was also very fertile, that was Sumatra,
Bali, Sulawesi and Timor. Coffee production from the islands Produced the world’s
top-rated coffee cafés to date, namely Coffee Sidikalang, Kopi Mandheling, Kopi
Lintong, Gayo Coffee, Kintamani Coffee, Toraja Coffee and Flores Coffee.
In 1900, Robusta coffee seedlings were imported. Robusta coffee had endurance
against a variety of plant diseases and more easily cultivated, in addition the
productivity of crops of Robusta coffee far exceeded that of Arabica. This thing
which made Robusta coffee growing quickly to replace coffee type of Arabicа,
especially in areas with altitude below 1000 mdpl (whic Arabica coffee usually can
grow), and starts spreading to all of Java, Sumatra, and the archipelago of East Indonesia.